Which of the following statements is true regarding prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

The correct statement highlights a fundamental distinction between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells are characterized by the presence of a defined nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. The nucleus houses the cell’s genetic material, organized within chromosomes, and is surrounded by a nuclear envelope. Additionally, eukaryotic cells contain various organelles, such as mitochondria, the endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus, each performing specialized functions within the cell.

In contrast, prokaryotic cells, which include bacteria and archaea, lack a true nucleus; instead, their genetic material is found in a nucleoid region that is not enclosed by a membrane. Prokaryotic cells also do not possess membrane-bound organelles, relying on their simpler structure for metabolic processes. This structural simplicity allows them to reproduce quickly and adapt to various environments.

Understanding this distinction is crucial for grasping the differences in complexity and function between these two major types of cells in biology.