The term that describes the sum total of all alleles in all breeding members of a population is known as the gene pool. This concept is fundamental in population genetics, as the gene pool encompasses all the genetic information available for the members of a particular species or population. It includes every variant of alleles that exist within the population, thereby providing the raw material for evolution through processes like natural selection and genetic drift.
The gene pool is crucial for understanding genetic diversity and how populations adapt to their environments over time. A larger gene pool often indicates a population with higher genetic variation, which can enhance resilience to diseases and environmental changes.
In contrast, the other terms do not accurately reflect this concept. "Allele library," "genotype repository," and "population stock" are not recognized terms in genetics specifically associated with the collective alleles in a breeding population, which is why they do not serve as correct answers to the question.